NPTEL Natural Resources Management Week 6 Assignment Answers 2024

1. What is the primary purpose of using models in natural resource management?

a) To increase the complexity of systems
b) To predict future scenarios and develop management standards
c) To simplify measuring techniques
d) To reduce data availability

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2. Which type of model uses mathematical expressions and logical statements to simulate a natural system?

a) Mathematical models
b) Analog models
c) Empirical models
d) Physical models

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3. Which type of model uses observed input-output relationships without considering the actual processes involved?

a) Physical models
b) Empirical models
c) Analog models
d) Theoretical models

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4. What does model sensitivity analysis aim to quantify?

a) The computational ability of a computer
b) The uncertainty associated with system parameters
c) The effect of parameter changes on model results
d) The laborious nature of manual calibration

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5. What type of error occurs due to misconceptions or inadequate knowledge about the governing mechanisms in modeling?

a) Numerical errors
b) Input data errors
c) Conceptual errors
d) Interpretation errors

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6. In a crop modeling system, what are auxiliary variables?

a) Measurable variables like soil moisture
b) Intermediated products like dry matter partitioning
c) Rates of processes like photosynthesis rate
d) Variables that affect the system like climatic variables

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7. Which type of model provides climate data for historical and future time periods?

a) Crop models
b) Hydrological models
c) Climate models
d) Remote sensing models

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8. What type of load is most dominant on a polyhouse structure?

a) Wind load
b) Dead load
c) Live load
d) Snow load

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9. Which type of greenhouse structure is commonly used in commercial multi-span polyhouses?

a) Lean-to
b) Arched saw tooth
c) Quonset
d) Ridge and furrow

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10. Which of the following is a disadvantage of sprinkler irrigation?

a) Low installation cost
b) Suitable for high elevation areas
c) Drifting of droplets in high winds
d) Efficient water management

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11. Which type of mulch is most useful in soil solarization?

a. Black mulch
b. White mulch
c. Yellow mulch
d. Transparent mulch

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12. Which principle is NOT a characteristic of theoretical models?

a) Dependence on physical laws and theoretical principles
b) Use of equations derived from basic physics
c) Ignorance of the physical significance of parameters
d) Dependence on mass, momentum, and energy conservation

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13. Assertion (A): Stochastic models are deterministic in nature and always give the same outputs for the same input data under identical conditions.
Reason (R): Stochastic models incorporate a random element and predict possible outcomes based on the probability of occurrence of some event or external variable.

a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true, but R is false.
d) A is false, but R is true.
e) Both A and R are false.

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14. In a field experiment crop evapotranspiration is found for 3 different crops A, B, and C as 2 mm/day, 5 mm/day, and 8 mm/day respectively. An evapotranspiration model simulates evapotranspiration for crops A, B, and C as 4 mm/day, 4 mm/day, and 6 mm/day respectively. What is the Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) of the model?

a. 3.00
b. 2.00
c. 1.50
d. 0.5

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15. What are the key principles of hydroponic systems? (Select all that apply)

a) Growing plants in soil
b) Using a nutrient-rich solution in water
c) Supporting roots with an inert medium
d) Using soil-based fertilizers exclusively